Packing is the final step, but that doesn't mean foreign-matter risk disappears by then. On the contrary, this is when the product comes into contact with packaging, equipment, tools, and people right before leaving the facility. Foreign-matter control, then, needs to be organized into multiple layers rather than checked only at the very end.

Controlling materials before packing

Packaging, containers, ties, and related supplies need to be inspected before entering the packing area. Torn, broken, peeling, or otherwise contaminated-looking material needs to be dealt with before use.

This matters especially because an unsuitable material can itself become a source of foreign matter right during the packing process.

Inspecting equipment and the surrounding area

Packing machines, hoppers, chutes, work tables, and tools that touch coffee need to have their condition checked. Loose, cracked, worn, or flaking parts need repair or replacement.

This inspection should happen before starting production and after maintenance, equipment changes, or any incident capable of introducing foreign material.

Control during the packing process itself

Operators need to limit unnecessary objects in the packing area. Tools, supplies, and personal items shouldn't be brought into the product area without good reason.

If foreign-matter detection measures like sieving or metal detection are in place, the method needs to be chosen based on the type of hazard and the product's characteristics. Codex treats sampling and testing as part of verification activity, in which physical checks like metal-fragment detection can be used where appropriate.

Checking packaging after sealing

A completed package still needs to be checked for seal condition, integrity, and any unusual signs. This relates both to the product's protection and to catching flaws that may have arisen during packing.

If foreign matter or an unusual sign is found, it's not enough to simply discard that one package. It's worth considering when the issue may have arisen and which other products were packed in the same timeframe.

Prevention matters most

Foreign-matter detection equipment has value, but it shouldn't be treated as a reason to skip controlling the source. Prevention through equipment design, maintenance, hygiene, supply management, and correct operation remains the foundation.

A good system creates multiple layers of protection: preventing foreign matter from entering, reducing the chance it arises within the facility, detecting deviations, and being able to trace the product if an incident occurs.

References

• Codex Alimentarius — General Principles of Food Hygiene (CXC 1-1969)
• Codex Alimentarius — Principles for the Use of Sampling and Testing in International Food Trade